250 lines
11 KiB
Python
250 lines
11 KiB
Python
import pandas as pd
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import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
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import seaborn as sns
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import folium
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from folium.plugins import MarkerCluster
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import branca
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from IPython.display import display
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from scipy.spatial import cKDTree
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from geopy.distance import geodesic
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import numpy as np
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def plot_univariate_variable_analysis(
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df: pd.DataFrame,
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variable_name: str,
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graph_type: str,
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variable_title_type: str = None,
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) -> None:
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"""
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Plots the distribution of a specified variable in a DataFrame based on the graph type.
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Args:
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df (pd.DataFrame): The DataFrame containing the data.
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variable_name (str): The name of the variable to plot.
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graph_type (str): The type of graph to plot (e.g., 'pie', 'heat_map', 'bars', 'hist', 'bars_log').
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variable_title_type (str, optional): An optional title type for the variable. Defaults to None.
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Raises:
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ValueError: If the graph_type is not recognized or if latitude/longitude columns are missing.
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"""
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if variable_title_type is None:
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variable_title_type = graph_type
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graph_types = ['pie', 'heat_map', 'bars', 'hist', 'bars_log', 'boxplot']
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graph_type = graph_type.lower()
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if graph_type not in graph_types:
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raise ValueError('Error: wrong graph_type')
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if graph_type == 'pie':
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value_counts = df[variable_name].value_counts(normalize=True)
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value_counts_percent = value_counts * 100 # Convert to percentage
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# Group classes with less than 2% into "Others"
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others_count = value_counts_percent[value_counts_percent < 2]
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if not others_count.empty:
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others_label = f"Others ({', '.join(others_count.index)})"
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value_counts = value_counts_percent[value_counts_percent >= 2]
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value_counts[others_label] = others_count.sum() # Add the "Others" category
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plt.pie(
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value_counts,
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labels=[f"{label} ({count:.1f}%)" for label, count in zip(value_counts.index, value_counts.values)],
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autopct='%1.1f%%'
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)
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plt.title(f"{variable_name} Distribution")
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elif graph_type == 'heat_map':
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# Check if the DataFrame contains the necessary geographic columns
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if 'geo_point_2d_a' in df.columns and 'geo_point_2d_b' in df.columns and variable_name in df.columns:
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# Group by the variable of interest (e.g., 'city', 'region') and count the occurrences in each sector
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sector_data = df.groupby([variable_name]).agg({
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'geo_point_2d_a': 'mean',
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'geo_point_2d_b': 'mean',
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}).reset_index()
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# Add a "population density" column based on the number of occurrences of the variable in each sector
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sector_data['counts'] = df.groupby(variable_name).size().values
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# Calculate the occurrence percentages
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total_counts = sector_data['counts'].sum()
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sector_data['percentage'] = (sector_data['counts'] / total_counts) * 100
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# Common zoom level used for city-level maps in Folium (and Leaflet)
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zoom_level = 12
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# Create a map centered around the average geographic points
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m = folium.Map(location=[sector_data['geo_point_2d_a'].mean(), sector_data['geo_point_2d_b'].mean()], zoom_start=zoom_level)
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# Normalize population densities for the heat map
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min_density = sector_data['counts'].min()
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max_density = sector_data['counts'].max()
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# Create the colormap with branca
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colormap = branca.colormap.LinearColormap(
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colors=['yellow', 'orange', 'red'], # Choose a classic heatmap palette (yellow-orange-red)
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vmin=min_density, vmax=max_density
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).to_step(10) # Divide the colormap into 10 steps for the legend
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# Extract coordinates of the sectors
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coords = sector_data[['geo_point_2d_a', 'geo_point_2d_b']].values
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tree = cKDTree(coords) # Create the k-d tree with the coordinates
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# Initialize the minimum distance to a very large number
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min_distance = float('inf')
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closest_pair = None
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# Find the closest pairs
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for i, point in enumerate(coords):
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# Find the closest neighbor from point i (excluding the point itself)
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distances, indices = tree.query(point, k=2) # k=2 to get the closest neighbor and itself
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# The second closest will be the nearest (the first is the point itself)
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closest_distance = distances[1]
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closest_index = indices[1]
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# If the found distance is smaller, update the minimum distance and associated points
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if closest_distance < min_distance:
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min_distance = closest_distance
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closest_pair = (point, coords[closest_index])
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# Convert the minimum Euclidean distance to geodesic distance for more accuracy
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min_distance = geodesic(closest_pair[0], closest_pair[1]).meters
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# Limit the circle size to half the smallest distance between two points
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max_circle_radius = min_distance / 2
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# Average Earth radius in meters
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EARTH_RADIUS = 6371000
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# Calculate the size of a pixel in meters (at the given average latitude)
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lat_rad = np.radians(np.mean(sector_data['geo_point_2d_b']))
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meters_per_pixel = (2 * np.pi * EARTH_RADIUS) / (256 * (2 ** zoom_level)) * np.cos(lat_rad)
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max_circle_radius_in_pixels = max_circle_radius / meters_per_pixel
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# Add each sector as a colored circle based on population density
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for _, row in sector_data.iterrows():
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color = colormap(row['counts']) # Use the colormap to get the color based on density
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# Calculate the size of the marker based on density
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# size = np.log(row['population_density'] + 1) * 5 # Logarithmic for a reasonable scale
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# size = max(10, min(size, max_circle_radius)) # Limit the size to max_circle_radius
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size = max_circle_radius_in_pixels
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# Add a circle to the map
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folium.CircleMarker(
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location=[row['geo_point_2d_a'], row['geo_point_2d_b']],
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radius=size, # Circle size based on density and minimum distance
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color=color,
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fill=True,
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fill_color=color, # Fill with the same color
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fill_opacity=0.7,
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popup=f"{variable_name}: {row[variable_name]}<br>Trees: {row['counts']}<br>Percentage: {row['percentage']:.3}%",
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# Allow the size to adjust based on zoom level
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zoom_on_click=True
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).add_to(m)
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# Add the colormap legend to the map
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colormap.caption = f"Trees per {variable_name}"
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colormap.add_to(m)
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# Force the legend to the bottom left corner using CSS style
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m.get_root().html.add_child(folium.Element("""
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<style>
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.leaflet-control-colormap {
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position: absolute !important;
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bottom: 10px;
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left: 10px;
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z-index: 1000;
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}
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</style>
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"""))
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# Display the map
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display(m)
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m.save(f'./map_{variable_name}.html')
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return # End the function
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else:
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raise ValueError("The DataFrame must contain 'geo_point_2d_a', 'geo_point_2d_b', and the sector variable to display a map.")
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elif graph_type in ['bars', 'bars_log']:
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value_counts = df[variable_name].value_counts()
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# Group smaller classes into "others" if there are more than 26
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if len(value_counts) > 26:
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top_categories = value_counts[:25]
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others_count = value_counts[25:].sum()
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value_counts = pd.concat([top_categories, pd.Series({'others': others_count})])
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total = value_counts.sum()
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plt.figure(figsize=(10, 6))
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ax = sns.barplot(x=value_counts.index, y=value_counts.values)
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plt.title(f"{variable_name} Distribution")
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# Add percentages inside the bars
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for p, percentage in zip(ax.patches, value_counts / total * 100):
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rotation = 90 if len(value_counts) > 10 else 0
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ax.annotate(
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f"{percentage:.1f}%",
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(p.get_x() + p.get_width() * 0.50, p.get_height() * 0.90),
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ha='center', va='center', fontsize=10, rotation=rotation, color='black'
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)
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plt.xlabel(variable_name)
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plt.ylabel('Count')
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if graph_type == 'bars_log':
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plt.yscale('log')
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plt.xticks(rotation=90 if len(value_counts) > 10 else 0) # Rotate labels if too many
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plt.show()
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elif graph_type == 'hist':
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plt.figure(figsize=(10, 6))
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# sns.histplot(df[variable_name][df[variable_name] <= df[variable].quantile(0.99)], kde=True)
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sns.histplot(df[variable_name], kde=True, color='blue', bins=15)
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plt.title(f"{variable_name} Distribution")
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plt.xlabel(variable_name)
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plt.ylabel('Count')
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plt.show()
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elif graph_type == "boxplot":
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# sns.boxplot(y=df[variable_name][df[variable_name] <= df[variable_name].quantile(0.99)])
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sns.boxplot(y=df[variable_name])
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plt.title(f"{variable_name} Distribution (Boxplot)")
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plt.ylabel(variable_name)
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plt.show()
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def compute_distances(df, tree_index):
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"""
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Computes distances between a specific tree and all other trees in the DataFrame.
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Args:
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df: DataFrame containing tree data with 'geo_point_2d_a' (longitude) and 'geo_point_2d_b' (latitude) columns.
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tree_index: Index of the specific tree in the DataFrame.
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Returns:
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A pandas Series containing distances to all other trees from the specified tree.
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Returns None if the tree_index is out of range or if necessary columns are missing.
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"""
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# Safety checks
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if not all(col in df.columns for col in ['geo_point_2d_a', 'geo_point_2d_b']):
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print("Error: 'geo_point_2d_a' or 'geo_point_2d_b' columns not found in DataFrame.")
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return None
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if tree_index not in df.index:
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print(f"Error: tree_index {tree_index} is out of range.")
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return None
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# Get coordinates of the chosen tree
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tree_coords = (df.loc[tree_index, 'geo_point_2d_a'], df.loc[tree_index, 'geo_point_2d_b'])
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# Calculate distances to all other trees
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distances = []
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for index, row in df.iterrows():
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other_tree_coords = (row['geo_point_2d_a'], row['geo_point_2d_b']) # Assuming latitude, longitude order
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distance = geodesic(tree_coords, other_tree_coords).meters
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distances.append(distance)
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return pd.Series(distances, index=df.index) # Use original index
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